Guild Wars Guild

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Dust is a major problem of air pollution in Bangkok and large communities. The dust in the atmosphere around us is from 0.002 microns to larger than 500 microns.

PM2.5 Nose hair cannot be filtered.
Typically, visible dust is 50 microns or more, but PM 2.5 dust is less than 2.5 microns in diameter and therefore invisible to the naked eye. And nose hair cannot be filtered, PM2.5 can spread into the respiratory tract, blood stream and infiltrate the work of various organs in the body, increasing the risk of chronic disease and cancer.
With a very small dust Therefore can be suspended in the atmosphere for longer than large dust Due to the low falling speed If external forces are involved, such as airflow, the air stream can be suspended for longer.
If compared to see more pictures Large dust Which is larger than 100 microns in diameter may be suspended in the atmosphere for only 2-3 minutes, but dust smaller than 0.5 microns can be suspended in the air for years.

Effects of PM2.5 dust
As PM2.5 dust is smaller than 10 microns, it can enter the human respiratory system. And these small dust enters the respiratory system. Will adhere or fall into different parts of the respiratory system Cause irritation And destroy the tissues of that organ such as lung tissue
If received in large quantities or over a long period It can accumulate in the lung tissue. A fibrosis or wound can occur. And impair the performance of the lungs, causing bronchitis Asthma, emphysema And the chance of developing respiratory disease due to infection increases

Why is the winter more dusty than usual?
Cold weather in winter is when high pressure from the north moves down to cover the area of ​​Thailand. Causing the patterns of movement of the air layers above the country to change Because the ground emits heat quickly Cool the air above the ground as well.
When the hot air pushes up to the middle between the layers of cold air. Therefore become armor Also known as "closed air", since there is no void for air to pass through the air system, the accumulated toxic dust flows back down to the ground again. When the air is closed Air pollution is so high that it follows.
In addition, Bangkok is a city surrounded by many tall buildings. Therefore there is no room for air to flow And ventilate comfortably enough As a result, pollution and smoke can not be released.
While burning waste to burn sugarcane fields and corn fields in winter Especially in the north of Thailand It sent the dust PM 2.5 higher than normal standards as well.

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Standard values ​​in Thailand
The average annual average PM 2.5 in Thailand, set by the National Environment Board, is 25 micrograms per cubic meter. The World Health Organization (WHO) proposes that the annual mean PM 2.5 does not exceed 10 micrograms per cubic meter. To minimize the health risks as much as possible
While the general atmospheric standard of PM 2.5 24-hour average of Thailand is 50 micrograms per cubic meter. While the World Health Organization recommendations are 25 micrograms per cubic meter.
However, during winter, PM 2.5 dust in Thailand will be higher than the standard set. Which the Department of Health sets the dust values ​​for basic self-care as follows

0-25 micrograms per cubic meter - everyone can do normal activities.
26-37 micrograms per cubic meter - risk groups (pregnant women, children, elderly people, patients, street vendors, traffic police, motorcyclists) avoid outdoor activities. Health monitoring
38-50 micrograms per cubic meter - everyone should avoid activity The risk group should wear a mask. Health monitoring If you have any unusual symptoms, you should see a doctor.
51-90 micrograms per cubic meter - everyone reduces outdoor activities. Wear a protective mask Health monitoring If you have any unusual symptoms, you should see a doctor.
91 micrograms per cubic meter or more - everyone reduce their activity or refrain from outdoor activities Wear a protective mask Health monitoring If you have any unusual symptoms, you should see a doctor.
Thank you